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Abstract
Tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is the main native fish species produced in Brazil, and is an important species for genetic improvement in aquaculture. In addition, breeding studies on this species can be optimized with the use of molecular markers associated with productive phenotypes. The objective of the present study was to test the performance of growth traits and resistance to the bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, in association with microsatellite markers in C. macropomum. In this study, three full-sib families were subjected to bacterial challenge and morphometric growth assessments. Tambaqui families subjected to the bacterial challenge differed significantly in death time and mortality rate. There was, however, no association between resistance to bacteria and microsatellite markers. In relation to growth traits, we observed a marker/phenotype association in two microsatellites. The marker in the 6b isoform x5 gene (TNCRC6b) was associated with length, whereas an anonymous marker was associated with height. The present study highlighted the evaluation of molecular markers associated with growth traits, and can serve as the basis for future marker-assisted selection (MAS) of tambaqui.
Highlights
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is a freshwater fish belonging to the family Serrasalmidae, with natural occurrence in the Amazon and Orinoco basins (Jégu, 2003)
Our results indicated that family 2 was more susceptible to A. hydrophila than families 1 and 3; death time was lower and the mortality rate higher in family 2, compared with those observed in the other two families
These results indicate genetic variation for this trait in the families of tambaqui analyzed in this study; selective breeding could be applied for resistance to A. hydrophila in tambaqui, as has been done in other model aquaculture species such as salmon, TABLE 2 | Analysis of Pearson correlation (r) between growth traits in three families of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum
Summary
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is a freshwater fish belonging to the family Serrasalmidae, with natural occurrence in the Amazon and Orinoco basins (Jégu, 2003). The natural food of tambaqui, as opposed to the carnivorous piranhas, is composed mainly of fruits and seeds (Lucas, 2008). Aquaculture production of tambaqui has increased over the past 10 years in several countries of South America, and in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela (reviewed in Valladão et al, 2016). Tambaqui is currently considered the most important native fish produced in Brazilian aquaculture, with approximately 135 thousand tons produced in 2015 (IBGE, 2016). Production of tambaqui is widespread throughout Brazil, in the north, northeast, midwest, and southeast regions of the country (MPA, 2013)
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