Abstract
Allelic variation in a total of 7 microsatellites was examined between elvers of freshwater eels (Anguilla japonica andAnguilla anguilla). The number of alleles at these loci ranged from 8 to 26. A single test of each locus revealed significant deficits of heterozygotes (P<0.01). Significant departure from expectations of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was found for all loci within four subpopulations ofA. japonica, which opposes the panmixia hypothesis of Schmidt. Also exact tests of population differentiation based on allelic frequency distribution disagree the hypothesis of random distribution of individuals among populations. Population structure among four populations ofA. japonica was revealed withFST value of 0.009 8 (P=0.00048; 10 000 iteration). Pairwise matrixes ofFST andRST showed a significant difference between two distantly related species—A. japonica andA. anguilla. Divergent time of the two species calculated by Goldstein method is over 2 million years. The results may challenge the Schmidt's theory about the distribution of freshwater eels.
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