Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus associated with significant morbidity and mortality regarded as a global health issue. MicroRNAs - small RNA molecules responsible for the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by degradation of messenger RNA or translational repression of protein synthesis - rank among the factors linked to the development and progression of DKD. This study aimed to offer a narrative review on investigations around the use of microRNAs in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of DKD. Various microRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of DKD, while others have a role in nephroprotection and thus serve as promising therapeutic targets for DKD. Serum and urine microRNAs levels have also been considered in the early diagnosis and monitoring of individuals with DKD, since increases in albuminuria, decreases in the glomerular filtration rate, and progression of DKD have been linked to changes in the levels of some microRNAs.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with numerous debilitating conditions including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the main reasons for prescribing dialysis to individuals with DM.[1]
Eighteen microRNAs were significantly associated with further development of moderate to severe albuminuria, indicating that this change in microRNA levels might be useful in predicting the development of DKD and in the early diagnosis of the condition
Numerous microRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of DKD by increasing the expression of molecules linked to inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with numerous debilitating conditions including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the main reasons for prescribing dialysis to individuals with DM.[1] DKD has become one of the main causes of kidney failure and a prominent global health issue. It has been described as one of the main causes of death of diabetic patients.[2]. New markers are required to assess renal function, since glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) have limited use in detecting early-stage DKD.[4]
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