MicroRNAs in Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Hiroki Ishii,Shohei Kaneko,Katsunori Yanai,Keiji Hirai,Kenichi Ishibashi,Susumu Ookawara,Akinori Aomatsu,Yoshiyuki Morishita

doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00993

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Podocyte injury contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy. However, the molecules that regulate podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy have not been fully clarified. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can inhibit the translation of target messenger RNAs. Previous reports have described alteration of the expression levels of many miRNAs in cultured podocyte cells stimulated with a high glucose concentration and podocytes in rodent models of diabetic nephropathy. The associations between podocyte injury and miRNA expression levels in blood, urine, and kidney in patients with diabetic nephropathy have also been reported. Moreover, modulation of the expression of several miRNAs has been shown to have protective effects against podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy in cultured podocyte cells in vitro and in rodent models of diabetic nephropathy in vivo. Therefore, this review focuses on miRNAs in podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy, with regard to their potential as biomarkers and miRNA modulation as a therapeutic option.

Highlights

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most severe microvascular complications, which affects over 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus (Fineberg et al, 2013)
This review focuses on miRNAs and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic options in podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy
Several studies have examined the changes of expression levels of miRNAs in cultured podocyte cells stimulated with a high glucose concentration in vitro, and in podocytes in rodent models with diabetic nephropathy in vivo (Table 1)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most severe microvascular complications, which affects over 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus (Fineberg et al, 2013). CHANGES OF miRNA EXPRESSION IN CULTURED PODOCYTE CELLS STIMULATED WITH A HIGH GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION, RODENT MODEL OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY, AND PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY. Several studies have examined the changes of expression levels of miRNAs in cultured podocyte cells stimulated with a high glucose concentration in vitro, and in podocytes in rodent models with diabetic nephropathy in vivo (Table 1). The associations between podocyte injury and miRNA expression levels in blood, urine, and kidney in patients with diabetic nephropathy were reported (Table 2) (Long et al, 2011; Zhao et al, 2016; Guo et al, 2017; Kolling et al, 2017; Lee et al, 2017; Liu et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2017; Zhou et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2018; Ming et al, 2019). These lines of evidence suggest that miRNAs are potential biomarkers of podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy

METHODS

Method on miRNA overexpression or knockdown

DISCUSSION