Abstract
MicroRNA-24 (miR-24) has been widely studied in a variety of human cancers, which plays different roles in specific type of cancers. In the present review, we summarized the recent surveys regarding the role of miR-24 in different human cancers. On the one hand, miR-24 was reported to be down-regulated in some types of cancer, indicating its role as a tumor suppressor. On the other hand, it has shown that miR-24 was up-regulated in some other types of cancer, even in the same type of cancer, suggesting the role of miR-24 being as an oncogene. Firstly, miR-24 was dysregualted in human cancers, which is related to the clinical performance of cancer patients. Thus miR-24 could be used as a potential non-invasive diagnostic marker in human cancers. Secondly, miR-24 was associated with the tumor initiation and progression, being as a promoter or inhibitor. Therefore, miR-24 might be an effective prognostic biomarker in different type of cancers. Lastly, the abnormal expression of miR-24 was involved in the chemo- and radio- therapies of cancer patients, indicating the role of miR-24 being as a predictive biomarker to cancer treatment. Totally, miR-24 contributes to tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and tumor therapy, which closely related to clinic. The present review shows that miR-24 plays a double role in human cancers and provides plenty of evidences to apply miR-24 as a potential novel therapeutic target in treating human cancers.
Highlights
MicroRNAs are an evolutionarily conserved family of endogenous 19-22nt long noncoding RNAs, which are related with post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by cleaving the target mRNAs or repressing translation [1]
A study found that miR-24-3p had excellent diagnostic accuracy for oral squamous cell carcinoma [(AUC) = 0.738; P = 0.02], salivary exosomal miR-24-3p could be a potential novel diagnostic biomarker for OSCC [50]
Kang et al [9] and we previously reported that miR-24 enhanced radio-sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by targeting specificity protein 1 (SP1), and Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (Jab1) [9, 24]
Summary
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of endogenous 19-22nt long noncoding RNAs, which are related with post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by cleaving the target mRNAs or repressing translation [1]. Metastatic tumors, and its higher expression was associated with longer progression-free and metastasis-free survival durations It could suppress NPC cell proliferation, invasion and migration via targeting c-Myc and regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), indicating that miR-24 might be used as a prognostic factor and as a novel target for the prevention of NPC metastasis [19]. Overexpression of miR24 suppressed secretions of IFN-γ (interferon-γ) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) by targeting Paxillin, suggesting its role as an oncogene [21] This phenomenon might due to the different target of the same miRNA in the specific environment, even in the same cancer type. MiR-24 was found to be down-regulated miR-24 in Human Cancer
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