Abstract
MicroRNA-21, T helper lineage and autoimmunity.
Highlights
T helper subsets are known to be regulated by specific transcription factors and cytokines, the molecular basis of T helper cell differentiation, especially the role of microRNA pathways, is incompletely understood
MicroRNA-21 was one of the earliest identified cancer-promoting “oncomirs,” and much of the research involving this miRNA has focused on its role in tumor promotion [1]; recent data suggest a crucial role for miR-21 in immune system function
MiR-21 seems to have some anti-inflammatory properties at the antigen- presenting cells (APCs) level [2], emerging studies indicate that miR-21 promotes tissue inflammation and autoimmunity by altering the balance of T helper differentiation and function
Summary
T helper subsets are known to be regulated by specific transcription factors and cytokines, the molecular basis of T helper cell differentiation, especially the role of microRNA (miRNA) pathways, is incompletely understood. MiR-21 seems to have some anti-inflammatory properties at the APC level [2], emerging studies indicate that miR-21 promotes tissue inflammation and autoimmunity by altering the balance of T helper differentiation and function. Proinflammatory Th1 and anti-inflammatory Th2 cells exist in a balanced state by counter-regulating each other’s differentiation and function.
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