Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze medical literature on the role of microRNA in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation and the possibilities of using microRNAs as biomarkers.The analysis of modern medical literature was carried out using the PubMed – NCBI database.Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and serious cardiovascular disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of atrial fibrillation are not entirely clear. In addition, there are no optimal biomarkers for early detection and assessment of the prognosis for patients with atrial fibrillation. Recently, the attention of researchers has been directed to the molecules of microRNA. There is a lot of evidence that they are involved in the pathogenesis of neurological, oncological, and cardiovascular diseases. This review examines the role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation. The possibility of using microRNA as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of atrial fibrillation is also discussed.MicroRNAs play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation, regulating the mechanisms of atrial remodeling, such as electrical remodeling, structural remodeling, remodeling of the autonomic nervous system, and impaired regulation of calcium levels. The stability of microRNAs and the possibility to study them in various biological fluids and tissues, including blood, make these molecules a promising diagnostic biomarker for various cardiovascular diseases. The presented data clearly indicate that AF is associated with changes in the expression level of various microRNAs, which can be quantified using a polymerase chain reaction. Further research is required to assess the role of microRNAs as biomarkers for atrial fibrillation, in particular to establish precise reference limits.
Highlights
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and serious cardiovascular disease
There is a lot of evidence that they are involved in the pathogenesis of neurological, oncological, and cardiovascular diseases
This review examines the role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation
Summary
МикроРНК: роль в патофизиологии фибрилляции предсердий и возможности использования в качестве биомаркера. Фибрилляция предсердий является широко распространенным и серьезным сердечно-сосудистым заболеванием. Патофизиологические механизмы, лежащие в основе развития фибрилляции предсердий, не совсем ясны. Отсутствуют оптимальные биомаркеры для раннего выявления и оценки прогноза пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий. В последнее время внимание исследователей привлекли молекулы микрорибонуклеиновой кислоты (микроРНК). Согласно которым они участвует в патогенезе неврологических, онкологических и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Рассмотрена роль микроРНК в патофизиологии фибрилляции предсердий. Также обсуждается возможность использования микроРНК в качестве биомаркеров для диагностики и прогнозирования фибрилляции предсердий. Ключевые слова: микроРНК, фибрилляция предсердий, патофизиология, биомаркер, лабораторная диагностика. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии финансирования при проведении исследования. Samara State Medical University 89, Chapaevskaya Str., Samara, 443099, Russian Federation
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