Abstract
PurposeMicroRNAs (miRNAs), which could be stably preserved and detected in serum or plasma, could act as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Prostate cancer is the second cancer in males for incidence. This study aimed to establish a miRNA panel in peripheral serum which could act as a non-invasive biomarker helping diagnosing PC.MethodsA total of 86 PC patients and 86 normal control serum samples were analyzed through a four-stage experimental process using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression method was used to construct a diagnostic model based on the differentially expressed miRNAs in serum. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. We also compared the 3-miRNA panel with previously reported biomarkers and verified in four public datasets. In addition, the expression characteristics of the identified miRNAs were further explored in tissue and serum exosomes samples.ResultsWe identified a 3-miRNA signature including up-regulated miR-146a-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-93-5p for PC detection. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the 3-miRNA panel for the training, testing and external validation phase were 0.819, 0.831 and 0.814, respectively. The identified signature has a very stable diagnostic performance in the large cohorts of four public datasets. Compared with previously identified miRNA biomarkers, the 3-miRNA signature in this study has superior performance in diagnosing PC. What’s more, the expression level of miR-93-5p was also elevated in exosomes from PC samples. However, in PC tissues, none of the three miRNAs showed significantly dysregulated expression.ConclusionsWe established a three-miRNA panel (miR-146a-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-93-5p) in peripheral serum which could act as a non-invasive biomarker helping diagnosing PC.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second leading cause of male cancer mortality (Bray et al, 2018)
We focused on PC patients and conducted a four-stage study with Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) to find a potential miRNA profile for detecting PC
The miRNAs with cycle threshold (Ct) values
Summary
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second leading cause of male cancer mortality (Bray et al, 2018). The initial clinical assessment of the primary tumor has been based on digital rectal examination findings, the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and histological confirmation of PC (Buyyounouski et al, 2017). These methods have some limitations, such as a low predictive value and the adverse consequences of overdiagnosis and overtreatment (Grossman et al, 2018). Several miRNAs have been reported to be stably detected in serum or plasma, suggesting their potential values as new biomarkers for early diagnosis of various kinds of cancers (Carter et al, 2017; Huang et al, 2017; Zhang et al, 2019; Zhou et al, 2017a; Zhou et al, 2015; Zhu et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2018a). We want to construct a miRNA expression profile of pan-cancer of ourselves
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