MicroRNA genetic signature in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Egyptian patients

Samar A Mansour,Ayman A Al Saka,Ayman H Abd El-Zaher,Amgad A Farhat,Abdel Aziz A Zidan,Said M Abdou,Adel S Bediwy

doi:10.1186/s43168-020-00021-2

Abstract

BackgroundCancer development is associated with deregulated microRNA (miRNA) in body fluids including serum, plasma, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Early diagnosis and early treatment of lung cancer improve survival and response to treatment. So, finding an easy detectable biomarker is crucially important to improve the disease outcome. So, we analyzed the differential expression of miRNA using microarray both in serum and BAL of 37 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 30 healthy control subjects (15 non-smokers and 15 smokers).ResultsA total of 32 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in serum of NSCLC patients versus controls (13 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated), whereas 14 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in BAL of NSCLC patients relative to control (12 upregulated and 2 downregulated). The accuracy of MiRNAs to detect lung cancer patients versus control was 94.3% with a specificity of 97.8% and a sensitivity of 92.3%.ConclusionsExpression of miRNAs is specific in both serum and BAL of NSCLC patients, indicating that they might be considered easy diagnostic biomarkers for early lung cancer detection.

Highlights

Cancer development is associated with deregulated microRNA in body fluids including serum, plasma, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
We investigated whether their expression in serum and BAL could be used as easy detectable biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was analyzed, and we found sensitivity of 91.9% and 94.6% for serum and BAL miRNA, respectively, for diagnosis of lung cancer with specificity of 93.3% and 96.6%, respectively (Table 8)

Summary

Introduction

Cancer development is associated with deregulated microRNA (miRNA) in body fluids including serum, plasma, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Diagnosis and early treatment of lung cancer improve survival and response to treatment. We analyzed the differential expression of miRNA using microarray both in serum and BAL of 37 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 30 healthy control subjects (15 non-smokers and 15 smokers). The type of lung cancer and the stage at presentation are the two most important factors determining the 5-year survival [3]. Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNA) have been detected in patients with cancer [5]. MiRNAs are a group of tiny, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules. They contribute mainly by downregulation of gene expression after completing transcription and organization of many processes on cellular levels.

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Discussion

Conclusion