MicroRNA Expression is Associated with Sepsis Disorders in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients.

Alexandru Florin Rogobete,Dorel Sandesc,Mihaela Viviana Ivan,Hazzaa I M Aabed,Tiberiu Dragomir,Sonia Elena Popovici,Calin Marius Popoiu,Razvan Nitu,Ovidiu Horea Bedreag,Tiberiu Bratu,Marius Papurica

doi:10.3390/cells7120271

Abstract

A critically ill polytrauma patient is one of the most complex cases to be admitted to the intensive care unit, due to both the primary traumatic complications and the secondary post-traumatic interactions. From a molecular, genetic, and epigenetic point of view, numerous biochemical interactions are responsible for the deterioration of the clinical status of a patient, and increased mortality rates. From a molecular viewpoint, microRNAs are one of the most complex macromolecular systems due to the numerous modular reactions and interactions that they are involved in. Regarding the expression and activity of microRNAs in sepsis, their usefulness has reached new levels of significance. MicroRNAs can be used both as an early biomarker for sepsis, and as a therapeutic target because of their ability to block the complex reactions involved in the initiation, maintenance, and augmentation of the clinical status.

Highlights

Ill polytrauma patients present one of the most complex clinical pictures that the intensivist and trauma team will encounter in their careers [1,2,3,4,5]
MicroRNAs have been proposed as possible biomarkers because of the research evidence that shows that changes in a range of cellular microRNAs correlate with various pathophysiological conditions, including inflammation, oxidative stress, sepsis diabetes and different types of cancer [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93]
These techniques include small RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and microarray hybridization. All of these are applied according to the respective propose of analysis (Figure 2). When it comes to the successful identification of these microRNAs, the factors that are critical, such as the choice of the measurement sample and the appropriate normalization strategy come into play

Summary

Introduction

Ill polytrauma patients present one of the most complex clinical pictures that the intensivist and trauma team will encounter in their careers [1,2,3,4,5]. The complexity of these cases is due both to the initial traumatic injury, and to the secondary post-traumatic responses to injury [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. We wished to highlight the most important microRNA expression studies conducted to date that could be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of sepsis

Biochemical and Biosynthesis Aspects of MicroRNAs

MicroRNA Identification from Different Body Fluids

Importance of MicroRNAs for Clinical Use

MicroRNA Expression in the Case of Polytrauma Patients with Sepsis

Conclusions