Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have emerged as novel and potent regulators of adipogenesis. However, few miRNAs have been fully investigated in porcine adipogenesis, given the fact that pig is not only an apropos model of human obesity research, but also a staple meat source of human diet. In this study, we showed that miRNA-199a-5p is highly expressed in porcine subcutaneous fat deposits compared to several other tissue types and organs measured alongside. Overexpression of miR-199a-5p in porcine preadipocytes significantly promoted cell proliferation while attenuating the lipid deposition in porcine adipocytes. By target gene prediction and experimental validation, we demonstrated that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) may be a bona fide target of miR-199a-5p in porcine adipocytes, accounting for some of miR-199a-5p’s functions. Taken together, our data established a role of miR-199a-5p in porcine preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation, which is at least partially played by downregulating Cav-1.
Highlights
IntroductionIn different stages of adipogenesis, miRNAs can function at the post-transcriptional level by negatively regulating mRNA stability or translation
The entire adipogenic process is initiated by the recruitment of preadipocytes from mesenchymal precursors; under appropriate stimuli, preadipocytes lose the fibroblast-like morphology and differentiate into rounded mature adipocytes [1].Recent evidence indicated that miRNAs are a class of novel regulators of adipogenesis and actively involved in the two aforementioned phases of adipogenesis [2].In different stages of adipogenesis, miRNAs can function at the post-transcriptional level by negatively regulating mRNA stability or translation
The temporal expression pattern of miR-199a-5p during porcine preadipocyte differentiation is similar to the previous data obtained in the 3T3-L1 model
Summary
In different stages of adipogenesis, miRNAs can function at the post-transcriptional level by negatively regulating mRNA stability or translation. Liu et al showed that miR-140 is a facilitator of adipocyte lineage commitment [2], whereas several other groups found that miR-27 can suppress the terminal differentiation of preadipocytes by targeting the adipogenic master gene, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and prohibitin [3,4]. Since the initial cloning of miR-199a-5p/3p in 2003 [8], the potential roles of miR-199a-5p in adipogenesis have only been superficially investigated. MiR-199a-5p is highly expressed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, while its expression declines dramatically once adipogenic induction is present and only rebounds at the late stage of differentiation [9]. Our previous work demonstrated that the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from piglets has a higher level of miR-199-5p relative to SAT from adult pigs [10]
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