Abstract
This paper proposes a high precision method for nanoparticle counting and sizing using a microring resonator-waveguide system that contains a flow-through nanopore. Theoretical analysis is carried out based on the coupled-mode theory, showing that when the nanoparticle passes the nanopore a temporal pulse signal can be detected and that the peak amplitude depends linearly on the nanoparticle volume. It is estimated that a nanoparticle of sub-10 nm in size may be detectable.
Highlights
Nanoparticle counting and sizing are essential for a broad range of applications such as nanotechnology, virology, disease diagnosis, and biomedical research [1, 2]
Scanning ion occlusion spectroscopy was developed based on sizetunable micro/nanopores fabricated on a polymer membrane and was able to measure the particle size down to 50 nm [1, 2]
The optical microring resonator is an emerging sensing technology that has been used for highly sensitive biomolecular detection in the past decade
Summary
Nanoparticle counting and sizing are essential for a broad range of applications such as nanotechnology, virology, disease diagnosis, and biomedical research [1, 2]. Using the whispering gallery mode (WGM) frequency shift method, Arnold et al detected single Influenza A viral particles (~100 nm in diameter) attached to the ring resonator surface [3]. Accumulation of nanoparticles on the ring makes it difficult to continuously monitor and count nanoparticles, as the signal generated by later nanoparticles may significantly be affected by the presence of nanoparticles deposited earlier They rely primarily on diffusion for nanoparticles to reach the ring resonator surface, which process is slow, less controllable, and does not generate accurate information about the nanoparticle concentration. The device enables continuous particle counting and sizing, enabling measurement of the particle concentration Fourth, it is compatible with the conductance-based nanopore technologies. It is shown that the coupling effect is dominant in determining the sensing signal, and that detection and sizing of nanoparticles below 10 nm is possible
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