Abstract
Micropropagation has been applied successfully to the production of self-rooted trees of four columnar apple tree selections from a breeding programme. Three of these selections had been released as commercial cultivars in the form of grafted trees on rootstocks under the cultivar names of ‘Tuscan’, ‘Trajan’ and ‘Telemon’, respectively. With all four selections, the most effective medium for shoot culture contained the cytokinin BAP whilst a medium with the auxin IBA was effective for rooting the shoots. Photoperiods of 8 h were consistently superior to those of 16 h for both shoot culture and rooting. Shoot development with the four selections was not inhibited by any concentration of BAP within the range 2.2 to 17.6 |iM whereas the cytokinin thidiazuron (TZ) was inhibitory throughout the range 0.1 to 10.0 |aM. These results with cytokinins are discussed in relation to the possible metabolic basis of the columnar growth habit.
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