Abstract
An efficient protocol is outlined for rapid and mass micropropagation of Ficus carica L. (fig). Shoot tips (5 mm) were obtained from mother plants stock grown on half strength Murashige and Skoog (½ MS) medium with the addition of 30 g/L sucrose. For shoot multiplication Benzyl amino purine (BAP) and kinetin produced differences number of new shoot per plant and shoot height. BAP at 0.4 mg/L in combination with 0.2 mg/L indole-3-butyric-acid (IBA) produce maximum in vitro propagation rate, with 4.2 shoots per ex-plant. Root initiation was experimented on MS medium containing different concentrations of mg/L, IBA, IAA (Indole-3-acetic-acid) (IAA) or Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Highest number of root (4.3) was resulted when 1.5 mg/L IBA was used. After acclimatization in a mixture of (1 soil: 1 perlite: 1 peat) survival rate of 80% was achieved. For in vitro conservation of F. carica was experimented as microshoots were stored for 40 weeks on MS medium containing different sucrose concentration. Medium supplemented with 3% sucrose gave the highest regrowth (89%) at 24 ± 2 °C. Culture grew slowly when transferred to new fresh medium after the storage periods.
Highlights
Fig (Ficus carica L.) belonging to the order of Urticales and the family of Moraceae, it can be eaten fresh, dried or jam, it is a deciduous plant native to southwest Asia and the eastern Mediterranean region (Zohary and Spiegel-Roy, 1975)
Microshoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with different cytokinins (BAP, kinetin and zeatin) singly or in combination with 0.2 mg/L IBA resulted in varied responses with respect to shoot length and number of new shoots per ex-plant (Table 1)
The present investigation has resulted in the establishment of a reliable and reproducible protocol of F. carica which could be used for mass multiplication as well as for the conservation of fig germplasm
Summary
Fig (Ficus carica L.) belonging to the order of Urticales and the family of Moraceae, it can be eaten fresh, dried or jam, it is a deciduous plant native to southwest Asia and the eastern Mediterranean region (Zohary and Spiegel-Roy, 1975). Due to the above-mentioned problems, to face these challenges in vitro propagation is the alternative method for multiplication of F. caricia plants To benefit from this technique to obtain mass and rapid propagation, in vitro techniques could be utilized. On the other hand, Kumar et al (1998) showed that simple micropropagation method for F. carica was developed on 1⁄2 MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L IAA and 0.2% activated charcoal when apical buds was used. A study by Demiralay et al (1998) on F. carica showed that micropropagation (4.43 shoots/explant) was obtained on MS medium including 1.0 mg/L BA and 89 mg/L phloroglucinol. The present study provides simple, reliable micropropagation system for F. carica as initial step for medium-term in vitro conservation
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