Microprocessor system for determining the intensity of transport motion

Abstract

The article discusses the basic principles of monitoring traffic and proposed a system architecture using Hall sensors to collect primary information about the movement of vehicles. The basis of the information system of traffic monitoring are visual observers and sensors of road transport parameters. The functionality of the entire information system depends to a large extent on their functionality and data reliability. Modern traffic control systems are based on zonal controllers (LCs), which consist of a sensor for obtaining primary traffic information and microprocessor pre-processing units [1]. Most often use optical and ultrasound sensors, magnetic gates, video surveillance systems [2]. Existing traffic-sensors of foreign production show unsatisfactory results in conditions of intensive traffic of vehicles (TK), parking TK in the traffic lane, visual overlap of TK traffic sensor and moving TZ between bands. This leads to a premature transition of the KK to the functional state of "jamming", and a significant reduction in the informativity of the system. The purpose of the work is to develop a MK that could offset all the above-mentioned shortcomings.Each vehicle has metal elements in its body and, in its movement, it will in one way or another affect the magnetic field of the Earth. Analyzing the perturbation of the magnetic field caused by the movement of the object with ferromagnetic elements (vehicle with steel and iron parts) over magnetic field sensors and measuring the delay between the moments of operation of two sensors can determine the average speed of the object. An experimental sample was developed for experimental verification of the above-described method for collecting primary information. To fix the magnetic field changes associated with the transport of a vehicle, a pair of digital magnetic three-coordinate HMC5883L compasses operating on the Hall effect were selected and have the ability to auto-calibrate to account for the magnetic deviation.Magnetic meter HMC5883L has 3 magnetoresistance sensors, located on three perpendicular axes (Cartesian axes X, Y and Z), which allows to realize the ability to determine the parameters of motion of vehicles that change the lane. To implement the data processing unit, the Arduino PRO Mini board with the ATmega328 processor, which is a low-power 8-bit CMOS microcontroller and a built-in analog-to-digital converter, is used.In the work the method of determination of traffic parameters based on the Hall effect is proposed. The use of sensitive magnetic field sensors - digital compasses is grounded. The block diagram of the traffic monitoring system is proposed and implementation of the area controller using the digital compasses HMC5883L based on Arduino PRO Mini. Using a developed experimental stand, a series of field experiments was carried out that confirmed the possibility of using the proposed method for determining the speed and direction of transport of vehicles.