Abstract
Titanium is one of the most attractive materials for biomedical applications due to having excellent biocompatibility accompanied by good corrosion resistance. One popular processing technique for Ti is Metal Injection Moulding (MIM). However, there are several issues associated with the use of this technique, such as the high cost of the fine powder used, the high level of contamination and consequent alteration to material properties, as well as the large volume shrinkage that occurs during sintering. In this study, the use of a relatively coarse Ti powder with a mean particle size of 75 μm to process Ti parts with the potential for biomedical applications by MIM will be examined, compared to a commercial Ti feedstock, and subsequently coated using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO). The results show that samples produced with the coarse powder shrink 35% less and have a relative density 14% less with an average pore size three-times larger than that of the commercial feedstock. This helps increase the potential competitiveness of MIM in the production of biomedical parts, as it reduces cost, shrinkage and results in more intentionally-induced micropores, such as are desired for biomedical implants. PEO treatment of the samples yields a thick rough coating comprised of a mixture of rutile and anatase with interconnected microporous channels and openings resembling the mouth of a volcanic crater.
Highlights
Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) is a very well-known mass production technique for the processing of small to medium-sized metal parts with intricate shapes
Both of than that of the feedstock used in the current study, which means that higher injection and tool the feedstocks showed some shear thinning behaviour, which is desired in the MIM industry, temperatures order to yield successfully inject the samples desiredindices shapes.forBoth especiallyare forneeded intricatein parts
Samples made by the current study feedstock with the coarse Ti powder shrank 35% less than samples processed by the commercial feedstock and had a relative density 14% lower than that of the samples processed using commercial feedstock
Summary
Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) is a very well-known mass production technique for the processing of small to medium-sized metal parts with intricate shapes. It offers several advantages over other manufacturing processes, such as flexibility in design with minimal finishing operations, as well as reduced material waste [1]. There are many obstacles towards the use of such technique in preparing Ti parts, such as the high cost of the fine powders used in the preparation of feedstock [2] Another obstacle is the high reactivity of titanium at a relatively high temperature, where it reacts with the decomposed product of the binder during thermal debinding and sintering, resulting in high interstitial content [3].
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