Abstract

AbstractEnvironmental contamination caused by microplastics (MPs) is an issue of grave concern which is pervasive in global water, air, and soil. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are recognized as the vital source of MPs into the environment. Hence understanding the fate and behavior of MPs in WWTPs is of utmost importance. Studies have also reported the presence of MPs in the treated effluent. Challenges in MPs removal in different treatment units need to be identified, and advancements of existing treatment technologies are to be explored for enhancing the removal of MPs in WWTPs. This chapter presents the occurrence and fate of MPs in different treatment processes such as biodegradation, adsorption, membrane processes, filtration, electrocoagulation, and advanced oxidation processes. The removal efficiency of MPs in different treatment units, the mechanism of removal, and the challenges involved in removing MPs in each treatment unit are discussed in detail. The efficiency of the existing treatment technologies in WWTPs are compared, and the modifications suggested by recent studies to improve the removal of MPs are presented in this chapter.KeywordsMicroplasticsOccurrenceMitigationAdvanced oxidation processesAdsorptionBioreactorElectrocoagulationFiltrationWastewater treatment

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