Microplastic contamination in the dominant crabs at the intertidal zone of Chongming Island, Yangtze Estuary

Abstract

Crabs are one of the most critical and dominant species of the intertidal zone. Their feeding, burrowing, and other bioturbation activities are common and intense. However, baseline data on microplastic contamination in wild intertidal crabs are still lacking. In this study, we investigated the contamination of microplastics in the dominant crabs, Chiromantes dehaani, of the intertidal zone in Chongming Island, Yangtze Estuary, and explored their probable relationship with the microplastic composition in sediments. A total of 592 microplastic particles were observed in the crab tissues, with an abundance of 1.90 ± 0.53 items·g−1 (1.48 ± 0.45 items·ind−1). The microplastic contamination in the tissues of C. dehaani varied significantly among different sampling sites, organs, and size groups, but not among different sexes. Microplastics in C. dehaani were mainly rayon fibers with small sizes (<1000 μm). Their colors were mostly dark, which is consistent with the sediments samples. A linear regression showed significant correlations between the composition of microplastics in the crabs and that in sediments, although they differed in various crab organs and sediment layers. The target group index identified the feeding preference of C. dehaani on the microplastics with specific shapes, colors, sizes, and polymer types. In general, the microplastic contamination in crabs is affected by both objective environmental conditions and subjective feeding habits of crabs. In the future, more potential sources should be considered to completely distinguish the relationship between the microplastic contamination in crabs and adjacent environment.