Microorganisms and their application in mining and allied industries

Abstract

Mining activities cause significant damage to nature but it is inevitable. The nature of ore along mining method not only guide the volume of waste generation but also the nature of waste. Bioremediation is considered as an alternative and economically viable technique compared to conventional remediation techniques. It is found to be suitable alternative in treating mine wastes and recovery of toxic heavy metals. Out of all the waste generated during and after mining operation, Acid mine drainage/ acid rock drainage is the most dangerous one laden with heavy and toxic metals, remain untreated. Use of microorganisms not only help in detoxification but also facilitates extraction. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms have been applied for the treatment of acid mine waste Amongst all the known microorganisms, SRB plays a vital role in mine waste treatment, neutralizing acidity & reviving alkalinity. Due to simultaneous elimination of sulfate and metals, and the possibility to reuse, bioreactors with SRB represent a promising option for remediation of mine waste..Such a technique picked up its momentum due to its low cost, easy availability of ingredients, and eco-friendly nature. Considering the dependency of microorganisms on other factors for their survival, such a treatment system may/ may not be used alone. Therefore, it advisable to use the same along with other techniques depending upon site conditions, nature of deposit and availability of essential requisites. In this paper, attempts were made to highlight the potential thrust areas requiring applying this technique, limiting factors.