Micronutrient Intake Adequacy in Men and Women with a Healthy Japanese Dietary Pattern.

Tomoko Ito,Mitsuru Higuchi,Kumpei Tanisawa,Chiyoko Usui,Kaori Ishii,Shizuo Sakamoto,Koichiro Oka,Katsuhiko Suzuki,Isao Muraoka,Ryoko Kawakami

doi:10.3390/nu12010006

Tomoko Ito, Mitsuru Higuchi + Show 8 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010006

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Journal: Nutrients	Publication Date: Dec 18, 2019
Citations: 14	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Waseda University

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between a healthy Japanese dietary pattern and micronutrient intake adequacy based on the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2015 (DRIs-J 2015) in men and women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1418 men and 795 women aged 40–87 years, who participated in the Waseda Alumni’s Sports, Exercise, Daily Activity, Sedentariness, and Health Study. Dietary patterns were derived from principal component analysis of the consumption of 52 food and beverage items, which were assessed by a validated brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Micronutrient intakes were quantified using the dietary reference intakes score (DRIs-score) for 21 micronutrients (based on DRIs-J 2015). The healthy dietary pattern score was significantly and positively correlated with the intakes of all 21 micronutrients used for constructing the DRIs-score in men and in women (each, p < 0.001). In both sexes, the healthy dietary pattern scores were strongly and positively associated with DRIs-scores (in men: ρ = 0.806, p < 0.001; in women: ρ = 0.868, p < 0.001), and the DRIs-scores reached a plateau around the highest tertile of the healthy dietary pattern score. These results indicate that a healthy Japanese dietary pattern is associated with adequate micronutrient intakes based on the DRIs-J 2015 in both men and women.

Highlights

Diet is an important factor for maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases
The results of the principal component analysis identified the major Japanese dietary pattern (Supplementary: Table S1), which was characterized by higher intakes of vegetables, mushrooms, seaweed, soy products, fruits, and fish compared to the other dietary pattern
Of the 21 micronutrients used for constructing the DRIs-score, the proportion of participants with an adequate intake of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc were higher in women than men, whereas those of vitamin D, folate, vitamin C, iron, and manganese were higher in men than women

Summary

Introduction

Diet is an important factor for maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases. People consume diets consisting of a variety of foods that provide a combination of multiple nutrients rather than single nutrients or foods, making it important to comprehensively evaluate overall nutrient and food intake in relation to health outcomes. Dietary pattern analysis has been widely used in the field of nutritional epidemiology to evaluate the quantity, variety, or combination of different foods and beverages consumed in a diet [1]. Several studies have shown that dietary patterns identified by principal component analysis are associated with the incidences of various chronic diseases and health indicators [2,3]. Analyses have shown that the typical Japanese dietary pattern is characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, soy products, mushrooms, seaweed, and fish, and has been referred to as a “Healthy,” “Prudent,” and “Vegetable” dietary-pattern in previous studies [5,6,7,8]

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