Abstract
Micromorphology and anatomy of six Onosma L. species, viz. O. argentata Hub.-Mor., O. neglecta Riedl, O. proballanthera Rech. f., O. rechingeri Riedl, O. sericea Willd. and O. stenoloba Hausskn. ex Riedl from Turky were investigated. Stem anatomy revealed that cuticle layer ranged from 0.6 µm in O. argentata to 1.7 µm in O. proballanthera. Parenchymatous cells of O. neglecta and O. stenoloba possessed more intense starch than the other species studied. In leaf anatomy, the longest palisade parenchyma was found in O. neglecta, while the smallest was noted in O. argentata. Mesophyll structure of O. argentata, O. sericea and O. rechingeri was equifacial (isobilateral), while O. neglecta, O. proballanthera and O. stenoloba presented bifacial (dorsiventral) structure. Rugose nutlet ornamentation was observed in O. argentata, O. neglecta and O. sericea, whereas reticulate type was found in O. proballanthera, O. rechingeri and O. stenoloba. Onosma stenoloba could easily be distinguished from other species by its aesterotrichous indumentum, and in contrary, other species possessed haplotrichous type of indumentum. Micromorphological features of nutlet surface, anatomical features of epidermal surface (trichomes and stomata), and lamina mesophyll structure (dorsiventral and isobilateral) could be useful in solving taxonomic problem of the genus.
Highlights
Onosma L. belonging to the family Boraginaceae consists of about 150 species, distributed mainly in West and Central Asia and in the Mediterranean area, and grows in dry, sunny, rocky, sandy, and steppe habitats (Cecchi and Selvi, 2009; Binzet et al, 2010, Kolarcik et al, 2010)
The main objectives of the present study are two folds: i) to explore the anatomical features of stem, leaf and epidermal surface of six Turkish Onosma species, and ii) to investigate stem, leaf and nutlet micromorphology by scanning electorn microscopy of those species which could contribute to the taxonomy of Onosma
The cuticle layer ranges from 0.6 μm in O. argentata to 1.7 μm in O. proballanthera and O. sericea
Summary
Onosma L. belonging to the family Boraginaceae consists of about 150 species, distributed mainly in West and Central Asia and in the Mediterranean area, and grows in dry, sunny, rocky, sandy, and steppe habitats (Cecchi and Selvi, 2009; Binzet et al, 2010, Kolarcik et al, 2010). Güner et al (2012) states that the Boraginaceae stands the ninth position among the families in Turkey in term of number of species, and is represented by 44 genera and 375 taxa in the flora of Turkey. The members of Onosma are medicinally important and considered as cardiotonic, purgative, anthelmintic, and used for treatment of diabetes, leucoderma, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, and bronchitis (Hayta et al, 2014; Özgen et al, 2004). They are economically important for beekeeping because of their attractive flowers, and rich in nectar (Dukas and Dafni, 1990)
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