Abstract
The precision of the dissection of soft tissue with a metal scalpel, continuous wave or pulsed lasers, and a continuous liquid-jet dissector is limited by the risk of blood, thermal or mechanical tissue damage, and safety. Making surgical dissections in vessel-rich organs without causing bleeding or thermal and mechanical damage is thus difficult. We present an alternative technique for creating dissections using a pulsed microliquid jet driven by a vaporization bubble, generated by fiber-transmitting holmium lasers with a pulse duration range of 130–1200 µs and a pulse energy range of 170–1000 mJ within one hermetical liquid-jet generator. The dynamics of the microliquid jet and the dissection of a gel induced by lasers with different laser parameter combinations were visualized by means of high-speed photography to investigate the propagation and dissection mechanisms of the microliquid jet in liquid media. The maximal penetration depths in the gel (90 % water and 10 % polyacrylamide) induced by the first and the second laser pulses (918 µs and 757 mJ) can reach 4.907 and 8.427 mm, respectively. The total penetration depth is mainly determined by the second microliquid jet.
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