Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease based on four-repeat tauopathy pathology. Currently, this entity is not fully recognized in the context of pathogenesis or clinical examination. This review evaluates the association between neuroinflammation and microglial activation with the induction of pathological cascades that result in tauopathy pathology and the clinical manifestation of PSP. Multidimensional analysis was performed by evaluating genetic, biochemical, and neuroimaging biomarkers to determine whether neurodegeneration as an effect of neuroinflammation or neuroinflammation is a consequence of neurodegeneration in PSP. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to investigate PSP in this context.
Highlights
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is among the most common types of atypical parkinsonism
Another study evaluated a panel of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with PSP, MSA, and Parkinson disease (PD) and found a significant increase in microglial-derived cytokines in PSP and MSA compared to PD (Hall et al, 2018)
No significant correlation was observed using the PSP rating scale. These results indicated a potential correlation between increased inflammatory markers in MSA and PDD, indicating a potential high significance in α-synucleinopathies
Summary
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is among the most common types of atypical parkinsonism. One study evaluated neurofilament light chain (NFL), a marker of neuroaxonal injury indicating neuroinflammation and planimetric measurement, and found that the pontine-to-midbrain-diameter ratio differentiates PSP with PD and multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P), the singular assessment of NLR showed significant differences only at the boundaries of PD and APS (Mangesius et al, 2020). This shows that the marker of neuroinflammation does not provide sufficient data for the most critical discrimination. The aim of this review is to discuss these features and analyze contemporary hypotheses concerning the pathophysiology
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