Abstract
Microfluidics (MF) is the science dealing with the behavior, precise control, and manipulation of fluids as well as particles on the scale of tens to hundreds of micrometers. It is also utilized for chemical and biological applications, usually called micro-total analysis systems (µTAS) or lab-on-a-chip (LOC). MF is a fascinating and capable technology with various superior benefits compared to conventional macro-scale platforms, such as the lesser requirement of sample and reagent volumes, higher sensitivity, low cost, portability, faster processing of samples and potential to be automated and highly integrated to reduce human errors. The concept of transformation of meso to nanoliters using MF technology has shown its potential in the healthcare system for early diagnosis, and personalized medicine. The integrated multifunctional system with parallelization provides a better and faster process control. Minimization of the consumption of fluid makes the technology safer in every aspect of the development process, analysis, and storage. The impressive improvement in patient care and monitoring has led to the commercial motivation of the pharmaceutical industry to develop new drugs and modify existing products with better efficacy and safety in a cost-effective manner using MF technologies. Hence, the present review briefs on the applications of MF technology in the key issues of the drug discovery process, overcoming the limitations of development of analytical procedures and prosperous pharmaceutical manufacturing for novel controlled and targeted release dosage forms to fabricate quality products.
Highlights
Microfluidics (MF) is the science dealing with the behavior, precise control, and manipulation of fluids a as well as particles on the scale of tens to hundreds of micrometers
N Sista et al10 extracted DNA from whole blood samples by using magnetic beads, and analysis was done by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoassays by employing a DMF technique which was developed by their team
This was done via spatiotemporal analysis of cancer cells and lymphocytes, which were embedded in the 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)
Summary
By using MF devices, the screening process becomes easier and cheaper than conventional in vitro and r in vivo methods. MF systems comprising of a network of interconnected chambers can be utilized to mimic the actions of tissues, to recreate the cell-cell interactions and pharmacokinetic and pharmacological interactions between tissues and organs, which can be used to study toxicology In c such a system, each compartment can be made to represent a specific organ or cells like fat cells or lungs to mimic their functions in the body.. E can be utilized to purify plasma, measure purified plasma and convey the purified plasma into the detection chamber for analysis. c To allow minimally invasive and pain-free sampling of blood, a titanium microneedle with the size equivalent to that of a female mosquito’s labium, i.e., 60 m outer diameter and 25 m inner diameter, was developed The design of this microneedle was based on the mosquito’s mechanism of blood cextraction. This device can be an alternative for blood sampling by patients.
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