Abstract
This review aims to summarize the recent advances and progress of plasmonic biosensors based on patterned plasmonic nanostructure arrays that are integrated with microfluidic chips for various biomedical detection applications. The plasmonic biosensors have made rapid progress in miniaturization sensors with greatly enhanced performance through the continuous advances in plasmon resonance techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR)-based refractive index sensing, SPR imaging (SPRi), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Meanwhile, microfluidic integration promotes multiplexing opportunities for the plasmonic biosensors in the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. Particularly, different types of microfluidic-integrated plasmonic biosensor systems based on versatile patterned plasmonic nanostructured arrays were reviewed comprehensively, including their methods and relevant typical works. The microfluidics-based plasmonic biosensors provide a high-throughput platform for the biochemical molecular analysis with the advantages such as ultra-high sensitivity, label-free, and real time performance; thus, they continue to benefit the existing and emerging applications of biomedical studies, chemical analyses, and point-of-care diagnostics.
Highlights
This review aims to summarize the recent advances and progress of plasmonic biosensors based on patterned plasmonic nanostructure arrays that are integrated with microfluidic chips for various biomedical detection applications
The roadmap for this review on the plasmonic biosensor integrated with microfluidics platform technology is illustrated in this review focuses on versatile patterned plasmonic nanostructured arrays based on plasmonic biosensing in microfluidic systems
We have summarized and proven that the microfluidic-integrated plasmonic biosensor can be an advanced detection tool for various biomolecule interactions with different types of plasmonic structure-based sensing systems
Summary
The basic principle of plasmonic is well-known and has been extensively reviewed [44,45]. Plasmons are collective oscillations of the free electrons, which exist at the bulk and surface of the metal and in the neighborhood of nanoparticles. It can be classified as bulk, surface, and localized surface (nanoparticle) plasmons, respectively [46]. In the case of surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) at the surface of a metal, plasmonic modes can be excited along with the metal–dielectric interface and exhibit an evanescent field that could penetrate the surrounding media [47]. While for the case of localized surface plasmon, a surface plasmon is confined and excited on sub-wavelength-sized metal nanoparticles with a specific frequency known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) [48]. Similar to the SPR, the LSPR of plasmonic nanostructures is sensitive to changes in the local dielectric environment, which can measure the LSPR wavelength-shift of nanoparticles [50]
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