Abstract
Lung diseases (e.g., infection, asthma, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis) represent serious threats to human health all over the world. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell models and animal models cannot mimic the human-specific properties of the lungs. In the past decade, human organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms—including lung-on-a-chip (LOC)—have emerged rapidly, with the ability to reproduce the in vivo features of organs or tissues based on their three-dimensional (3D) structures. Furthermore, the integration of biosensors in the chip allows researchers to monitor various parameters related to disease development and drug efficacy. In this review, we illustrate the biosensor-based LOC modeling, further discussing the future challenges as well as perspectives in integrating biosensors in OOC platforms.
Highlights
The results show that H1975 cell motility was related to EGFR expression and upregulation of ras homolog family member A (RhoA), regardless of electric field (EF) stimulation, while it was related to phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN)
Biosensors have the advantages of high automation, miniaturization, and integration, which greatly reduce the requirements for the working environment
The development of biosensors has generally gone through the following three stages: (1) the first generation of biosensors consists of electrochemical electrodes and inactive matrix membranes with fixed biological components; (2) the second generation of biosensors—biological components directly adsorbed or covalently bound to the surface of the converter—do not need the inactive matrix membrane, and do not need to add other reagents to the sample; (3) in the third generation of biosensors, biological components are directly fixed on the electronic components, and can directly sense and amplify the changes in interface substances, so as to combine biometric recognition and signal conversion processing
Summary
The lungs are among the most important organs in the human body, and are a site for gas exchange They contain many alveoli with a large total surface area and abundant capillaries wrapped around them. Common respiratory diseases include inflammation (pneumonia) [2], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [3,4], asthma [5], lung cancer [6,7,8], pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, etc. They occur in different anatomical regions (e.g., alveoli or small airways), with varied pathogenesis and therapeutic principles
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
