Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a label-free, highly-sensitive, and real-time sensing technique. Conventional SPR sensors, which involve a planar thin gold film, have been widely exploited in biosensing; various miniaturized formats have been devised for portability purposes. Another type of SPR sensor which utilizes localized SPR (LSPR), is based on metal nanostructures with surface plasmon modes at the structural interface. The resonance condition is sensitive to the refractive index change of the local medium. The principles of these two types of SPR sensors are reviewed and their integration with microfluidic platforms is described. Further applications of microfluidic SPR sensors to point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are discussed.
Highlights
A striking property of a metal surface is the collective oscillation mode of conduction electrons termed surface plasmons [1,2]
The results demonstrated the enhanced sensitivity of a nanostructured electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging sensor with ultra-small sample volume required for DNA hybridization
A conventional SPR sensor is a planar metal film deposited on a glass substrate and surface plasmon is excited using the Kretschmann configuration, which involves prism-based excitation
Summary
A striking property of a metal surface is the collective oscillation mode of conduction electrons termed surface plasmons [1,2]. With advances in the fabrication and manipulation of materials at the nanometer scale, the surface plasmon modes arising from various metal nanostructures have been subject to intense investigations in recent years. The SPR sensor using a planar thin gold film has been widely exploited in biomedical research and integrated as commercial systems by companies such as BIAcore (Uppsala, Sweden), acquired by GE healthcare (Chicago, IL, USA); the SPR sensor provides a label-free, real-time, and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interaction. More versatile and easy SPR biosensing using gold nanoparticles has been undertaken in many research laboratories [16]. Other sensing techniques such as surface enhanced. Recent developments integrating microfluidic techniques on SPR sensing platforms to make POC devices are briefly reviewed. SPR sensor to be used in POC practice is discussed
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