Abstract
AbstractOver the past few decades, micromachined chips such as microfluidic systems are making a big impact on neuroscience research and the industry due to their low-cost potential and great control over miniature amounts of biological sample and reagents. In this chapter, we discuss the design, material choice, and fabrication of microfluidic devices. More importantly, we highlight various applications of both systems on studying several key biological processes or phenomena of the nervous systems. The main applications being discussed include axon degeneration, neuromuscular junction formation, myelination, and brain organoid. For each application, a brief description of the process or phenomenon will be introduced prior to a detailed discussion of how microfluidic devices are utilized to study such topics. Both applications with two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures will be described. We also discuss the future prospects of microfluidics for neurobiological applications. While this technology is still in its nascent stage, its robust development is expected, thanks to the advancement in material sciences, stem cell culture, and optical and electrical stimulation techniques.KeywordsMicrofluidicsMicrofluidic chambers3D modelsMicrofluidic culture3D cultureAxonal regenerationMyelinationOrganoidsLab-on-a-chip
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