Abstract
This chapter examines two types of diseases where diseased cells are manifested in the blood circulatory system and as such, present themselves as excellent circulating biomarkers for diagnosis: malaria and cancer. It discusses examples of microfluidic platforms that have been developed for malaria detection, and for liquid biopsy with the aim to better detect and diagnose cancer. The chapter introduces the principles of several representative microfluidic systems as well as their latest applications and performance in blood cell separation. The emergence of microfluidic technologies in biomedical applications has contributed significantly to promote the progression of this kind of blood-based clinical testing. Microfluidic technology essentially involves a device or system that deals with fluid confined in micro-sized channels. Traditional methods for blood component separation rely mostly on the difference in physical properties between different blood cell fractions.
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