Microfluidic-Based Mechanical Phenotyping of Androgen-Sensitive and Non-sensitive Prostate Cancer Cells Lines.

Na Liu,Yuanyuan Liu,Xiaoxiao Xiao,Tao Yue,Yan Peng,Chen Yang,Panpan Du

doi:10.3390/mi10090602

Na Liu, Yuanyuan Liu + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10090602

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Journal: Micromachines	Publication Date: Sep 12, 2019
Citations: 12	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Shanghai University, Fudan University

Abstract

Cell mechanical properties have been identified to characterize cells pathologic states. Here, we report our work on high-throughput mechanical phenotyping of androgen-sensitive and non-sensitive human prostate cancer cell lines based on a morphological rheological microfluidic method. The theory for extracting cells’ elastic modulus from their deformation and area, and the used experimental parameters were analyzed. The mechanical properties of three types of prostate cancer cells lines with different sensitivity to androgen including LNCaP, DU145, and PC3 were quantified. The result shows that LNCaP cell was the softest, DU145 was the second softest, and PC3 was the stiffest. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to verify the effectiveness of this high-throughput morphological rheological method.

Highlights

Prostate cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men [1,2,3]
Cancer cells possess lower elastic modulus than normal cells [12,14]; the stiffness of cancer cells is closely related to metastatic potential [15]; the stiffness of red blood cells in cytoskeletal disorders will change [16,17,18,19,20]; the stem cell deformability will change during its differentiation process [21]
A variety of techniques have been developed to quantify the mechanical properties of cells, including atomic force microscopy (AFM) [22,23], magnetic twisting cytometry [24], micropipette aspiration [25,26], and optical stretching [27]

Summary

Introduction

Prostate cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men [1,2,3]. An androgen-independent stage is diagnosed by monitoring the response of prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration to the ADT for several months [6]. The early identification and prediction of androgen-independent prostate cancer still represent a major clinical challenge and the underlying mechanisms of the progression are not fully understood [7,8]. Cancer cells possess lower elastic modulus than normal cells [12,14]; the stiffness of cancer cells is closely related to metastatic potential [15]; the stiffness of red blood cells in cytoskeletal disorders (malaria and sickle cell anemia) will change [16,17,18,19,20]; the stem cell deformability will change during its differentiation process [21]. A variety of techniques have been developed to quantify the mechanical properties of cells, including atomic force microscopy (AFM) [22,23], magnetic twisting cytometry [24], micropipette aspiration [25,26], and optical stretching [27]

Methods

Results

Conclusion