Abstract
Banana passion fruit (P. tripartita var. Mollissima) is one of the most promising tropical fruits giving its antioxidant activity (AOA) to replace synthetic additives. Despite this property, there are no studies about the metabolites responsible for its biological function or proposals for the application of technologies, such as microencapsulation by spray drying, to improve its properties and ease its incorporation in several food matrices. The aim of this study is to microencapsulate the pulp of banana passion fruit with several mixtures of encapsulants and identify which one of these mixtures is better to preserve its AOA. The antioxidant activity values for the banana passion fruit pulp were as follows: DPPH: 6630.2 ± 91 μMtrolox/100g; ABTS: 18764.3 ± 270.4 μMtrolox/100g; FRAP: 1703.6± 938.2 mgAA/100g, ORAC: 8105.4 ± 424.2 μmol TEAC/100g of sample; Total phenols: 8862.2 ± 451.4 gallic ac. mg/100g. The concentrations of the bioactive compounds expressed in mg of gallic acid per 100 g of the pulp on a dry base were 13.9 ± 0.004; 5.9 ± 0.001 and 126.3 ± 0.004 for caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acids, respectively. The best shelf-life followed by ABTS in eight assays was between 28.8 and 31.5 weeks using maltodextrin and modified starch, MD:MS (1/4:3/4) and MD:MS (0:1), respectively. In conclusion, ABTS is the best method to measure the AOA in banana passion fruit because it correlated with the phenolic compounds better than DPPH and FRAP methods. Additionally, two options were found to protect the AOA and to extent the shelf-life of the passion fruit by spray-drying, with mixtures of encapsulants widely used in the food industry.
Highlights
The biodiversity that exists in America represents one of the best sources to fulfill the current necessity of obtaining novel therapeutic or nutritional ingredients
The Castilla banana passion fruit, which belongs to the P. tripartita sub-gender Mollissima variety, has been recognized because of its high content of phenolic compounds [4] [5]; it is one of the best natural sources of antioxidants and a potential alternative the synthetic antioxidants commonly used by food and pharmaceutical industries as sulfites, which can cause collateral damage [6]
In 2008, Vasco, Ruales and Kamal-Eldin reported the antioxidant capacity of banana passion fruit with the method of the free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazyl) scavenging capacity (DPPH) and the ferric reducing ability of plasma capacity (FRAP), which showed positive results above those found in other fruits and cereals from Ecuador [4]
Summary
The biodiversity that exists in America represents one of the best sources to fulfill the current necessity of obtaining novel therapeutic or nutritional ingredients. The Castilla banana passion fruit, which belongs to the P. tripartita sub-gender Mollissima variety, has been recognized because of its high content of phenolic compounds [4] [5]; it is one of the best natural sources of antioxidants and a potential alternative the synthetic antioxidants commonly used by food and pharmaceutical industries as sulfites, which can cause collateral damage [6]. This study correlated the phenolic content to the results obtained with the FRAP and the absorbance of the radical cation of 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), which provides a better idea of the possible behavior of this natural antioxidant source in different products and can be used as an additive in several matrices [5]
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