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Abstract
BackgroundFilamentous bacteria of the genus Streptomyces produce a large arsenal of industrially relevant antibiotics and enzymes. The industrial production of these molecules occurs in large fermenters, where many streptomycetes form dense mycelial networks called pellets. Pellets are characterized by slow growth and inefficient nutrient transfer and therefore regarded as undesirable from the perspective of productivity. Although non-pelleting strains have increased growth rates, their morphology also leads to a dramatic increase in the viscosity of the culture broth, which negatively impacts the process dynamics.ResultsHere, we applied immobilization of Streptomyces lividans 66 using alginate as semi-solid matrix. This alginate-mediated micro-encapsulation increased the production of the extracellular enzyme tyrosinase more than three-fold. The increased production was accompanied by extended viability of the mycelium and a dramatic reduction in the release of intracellular proteins into the culture broth.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate the utility of micro-encapsulation as a powerful technique to achieve higher yields and lower downstream-processing costs of streptomycetes.
Highlights
Filamentous bacteria of the genus Streptomyces produce a large arsenal of industrially relevant antibiotics and enzymes
Growth of streptomycetes in calcium-alginate microcapsules extends the viability of the mycelium To study the effect of microencapsulation on the growth of streptomycetes, spores of S. lividans, S. coelicolor, S. venezuelae and S. griseus were immobilized in alginate microcapsules
With the exception of S. coelicolor, non-encapsulated mycelium was found in all strains in the liquid during the late stages of growth (Fig. 1 and Additional file 2: Figure S2). This phenomenon was evident in S. griseus and S. venezuelae at 48 h of growth, while it became apparent in S. lividans at 96 h of growth (Additional file 2: Figure S2)
Summary
Filamentous bacteria of the genus Streptomyces produce a large arsenal of industrially relevant antibiotics and enzymes. The industrial production of these molecules occurs in large fermenters, where many streptomycetes form dense mycelial networks called pellets. Pellets are characterized by slow growth and inefficient nutrient transfer and regarded as undesirable from the perspective of productivity. Streptomycetes grow as filaments (hyphae) that occasionally branch and establish extended cellular networks called mycelia. Growth under industrial settings is characterized by the formation of dense mycelial. Zacchetti et al BMC Biotechnology (2018) 18:13 characterized by a complex rheology. This translates into suboptimal mass-transfer properties, heat transfer problems, mechanical and oxidative stress [5, 10, 12]
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