Abstract
An extrinsic self-healing mechanism based on microencapsulated healing agents represents an original way to produce self-healable thermosetting materials without modifying the structural architecture of the co-monomers. In this work, self-healing was achieved through poly(melamine–formaldehyde) (PMF) microcapsules containing a polymerizable diepoxidized ionic liquid monomer denoted as ILEM. First, a synthetic route to design ILEM@PMF microcapsules via in situ polymerization was developed and optimized through the choice of surfactants, core/shell ratios, and stirring speeds. Then, the obtained microcapsules (10 wt %) were incorporated into three different epoxy–amine networks and their effects on the morphology, thermal behavior, i.e., glass transition temperature (Tg) and degradation temperature (Td), as well as on the mechanical properties were investigated. In addition, a pre-crack was generated with a fresh razor blade into the center groove of the epoxy networks and their self-healing performances were observed by scanning electron microscopy before and after the curing process.
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