Microdrill in endoscopic stapes surgery: Is it safe?

Abstract

To assess the safety of using a microdrill in endoscopic vs microscopic stapes surgery. A retrospective review of 29 adult ears with otosclerosis who underwent either an endoscopic or microscopic approach to microdrill stapedotomy. Determine if transcanal endoscopic stapes surgery with the microdrill is as safe as microscopic stapes surgery. Secondary outcome: Bone and air pure-tone averages, air-bone gap, speech discrimination, overall surgical cost, and operative time were measured and analyzed. Complications such as post-operative dysgeusia, vertigo, readmission, revision and hearing loss were noted. 29 patients with otosclerosis were retrospectively reviewed, in total 14 endoscopic and 15 microscopic approaches were included, all performed over one-year period. None of the endoscopic surgeries require conversion to the microscope. No statistically significant audiometric differences between the endoscopic vs microscopic approaches in air pure-tone averages and air-bone gap. There were 82.8% air-bone gap closure to <15dB with no significant difference in the percent of such closures between the endoscopic (85.7%) and microscopic groups (80%, P=.68). Three prostheses were used: 4.25mm (17.2%), 4.5mm (58.6%) and the 4.75mm (24.1%) smart/eclipse. Endoscopic median operative time was 51min vs 42min for microscopic approach (P =.004). The endoscopic with microdrill approach is criticized to lack depth perception, especially when using a microdrill to perform in stapedotomies. Our study showcases that using the microdrill use produces minimal differences in outcomes, cost, and is a safe modality to stapes surgery in both approaches.