Abstract
The current problem of solar energy water distillation is in its low efficiency. Low efficiency is caused by inefficient water evaporation processes. Increasing the efficiency of water evaporation is done by controlling the rate of water entering into the absorber. The commonly used mechanical control system still has weaknesses such as the instability of the water entering the absorber. This causes less effective evaporation of water so that the resulting distillation efficiency is not optimal. The water rate input system for distillation in this study is based on a simple microcontroller. The microcontroller-based input water rate control system allows the rate of input water with a small but continuous flow rate so that the water evaporation process can be more effective. This study aims to improve the efficiency of solar energy water distillation by increasing the efficiency of the water evaporation process through controlling the flow rate of water inlet. The research was carried out by the experimental method. The parameters varied were: the rate of input water which was 0.3 l / hour, 0.5 l / hour and 1.2 l / hour. Parameters measured in this study were: (1) temperature of absorber, (2) temperature of the cover glass , (3) temperature of cooling water, (4) input water temperature, (5) ambient air temperature, (6) distilled water results, (7) solar energy coming in and (8) time of recording data. The results showed that the production of distillation water using microcontroller-based water rate control was a maximum of 523% compared to the model without water rate control at a water flow rate of 0.3 liters / hour, with distillation efficiency of 66%. From the results of this study it can also be concluded that microcontroller based water flow rate controller is more stable than mechanical water flow controller, especially in small flow
Highlights
Clean water is one of the basic needs of every living thing, but there are still many regions that do not have enough clean water supply, even though the water supply is abundant
The results showed that the production of distillation water using microcontroller-based water rate control was a maximum of compared to the model without water rate control at a water flow rate of 0.3 liters / hour, with distillation efficiency of
The water supply in the area has been contaminated with a lot of dissolved harmful substances
Summary
Clean water is one of the basic needs of every living thing, but there are still many regions that do not have enough clean water supply, even though the water supply is abundant. The river area is one example that the area has abundant water supply, but there is still a small supply of clean water. The water supply in the area has been contaminated with a lot of dissolved harmful substances. A water purification process is needed in one of the processes using distillation. There are two main processes, namely evaporation and condensation. Factors that can improve the evaporation process include expanding the surface of the liquid, flowing air over the surface, reducing pressure and by heating liquid. The water distillation process starts from evaporation of contaminated water and condenses on the cover glass. Evaporation does not carry contaminated substances, so the condensed water is suitable for consumption
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