Abstract
Precise excitation of cavitation is a promising mechanism for microsurgery procedures and targeted drug delivery enhancement. The underlying phenomenon of interest, jetting behaviour of oscillating cavitation bubbles, occurs due to near-surface interactions between the boundary, liquid, and bubble. Within this study we measured boundary effects on the cavitation bubble dynamics and morphology, with an emphasis on observation and measurement of jetting behaviour near tissue-phantom biointerfaces. An important mechanism of boundary poration has been observed using time-resolved optical microscopy and explained for different tissue-phantom surface densities and Young's modulus. Below a critical distance to the boundary, around γ = 1.0, the resulting jets penetrated the tissue-phantom, resulting in highly localized few micrometer diameter jets.
Highlights
Application of modern technology in a medical environment requires precision targeting, high localization and low collateral effects during both surgical procedures and drug application.A possible mechanism for microsurgery and localized drug delivery enhancement is through cavitation phenomena [1]
Classification of the observed events within the framework of Kelvin impulse calculations was done by measuring the bubble centroid position as a function of time delay after the initial bubble appearance
The logistic function fitted on each individual measurement set was used as a parametrization tool, enabling to extract the time delay of bubble centroid response to the liquid flow after the initial cavitation and the response strength
Summary
Application of modern technology in a medical environment requires precision targeting, high localization and low collateral effects during both surgical procedures and drug application.A possible mechanism for microsurgery and localized drug delivery enhancement is through cavitation phenomena [1]. Cavitation occurs in liquids, with the most prominent resultant feature being the generation of oscillating vapour bubbles, in turn causing rapid liquid flows and jets [2]. Cavitation can be unwanted and even damaging under certain conditions [3], but through controlled occurrence important treatments in water-based environments can be achieved (destruction of bacteria [4], viruses [5], or liposome vesicles [6]). Laser-induced breakdown (LIB) in liquids causes cavitation if certain conditions are met, generating a single bubble in addition to plasma and shockwaves [7]. The single bubble induced by laser-based generation serves as a precise tool, already proven as a medical photodisruptor tool or as a biofabrication methodology for efficient drug delivery [8,9]. The precision is warranted by minimizing the bubble size, with contemporary (ultra)short pulsed laser sources enabling the generation of microbubbles [10]
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