Abstract
To review the literature and to describe the important aspects of mammary gland microbiota using scientific journal databases.Newborns are quickly colonized in their first days of life by different bacteria, which are associated with the beginning of a powerful defense system. It is believed that these bacteria ensure good physical and immunological development.Breast milk is one of the factors that allow early colonization, giving a number of benefits that impact on children's health and the modulation of certain long-term diseases.The way the neonatal intestine colonizes different bacteria and forming its own microbiota is debated. It is assumed to be multifactorial, influenced according to the route of delivery and type of feeding, determining a healthy or altered form where microbiota may modulate different diseases.The mammary gland microbiota is unique, with multiple factors that lead to its formation.Its proper establishment will generate protective factors for future life. Oral administration of probiotic milk derivatives open the door to understanding a new way that infant microbiota colonize more efficiently. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17939, Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716 were isolated from the milk of healthy women and several studies confirm that they can be used in human nutrition.
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