Microbiome succession with increasing age in three oral sites.

Shili Liu,Yihua Wang,Xiaoyuan Sun,Qiang Feng,Le Zhao

doi:10.18632/aging.103108

Abstract

The incidence of oral diseases is remarkably increased with age, and it may be related to oral microbiota. In this study, we systematically investigated the microbiota of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), tongue back (TB) and saliva (SAL) from various age groups in healthy populations. The microbial diversity results indicated that the α-diversity of bacteria had a tendency to decrease in aging mouth, whereas the β-diversity showed an opposite increasing trend in all three sites. Next, the microbial structure exploration revealed a divergence in bacterial profile in three sites in response to aging, but the intersite differential bacteria demonstrated a uniform bell-shaped variation trend with age. Meanwhile, several age-differentiated genera were shared by GCF, SAL and TB sites, and the bacterial correlation analysis demonstrated a clear shift in the pattern of bacterial correlations with age. Moreover, both the intra- and intersite “core microbiome” showed significantly decreased bacterial diversities with age. Finally, the trending differential bacteria species were used as a biomarker to distinguish the different age groups, and the prediction accuracies in GCF were 0.998, 0.809, 0.668, 0.675 and 0.956. Our results revealed the characteristics of intra- and intersite bacterial succession with age, providing novel insights into senile oral diseases.

Highlights

With the continuous development of society, the proportion of the elderly in the population is continuously increasing year by year
Microbial operational taxon units (OTUs) within each oral site were analyzed by ANOVA, and the results showed that the OTUs within gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) or tongue back (TB) had marked reductions with age (Supplementary Figure 2, p=0.0029 and 0.0001, respectively)
The phyla to which the different genera belong were displayed by the Sankey diagram, and the results demonstrated that the different genera harboring GCF and SAL with prevalence all belong to the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (Figure 2C); other genera in TB belonging to Bacteroidetes were found

Summary

Introduction

With the continuous development of society, the proportion of the elderly in the population is continuously increasing year by year. At the beginning of this century, there were approximately 600 million people over the age of 60 worldwide, and this number is expected to double by 2025 [1]. The incidence of oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and soft tissue disorders is generally higher than in younger people [2, 3]. The salivary glands of the elderly will shrink, reduce the secretion of saliva, and change the composition and growth status of the dominant bacteria [5]. The variation in oral microbiota in the elderly has not been extensively studied

Methods

Results

Conclusion