Microbiological Quality and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Isolates from Fish and Poultry Feeds

Ifeanyi O C Obiajuru

doi:10.11648/j.ajls.20150306.14

Abstract

The microbiological quality and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from fish and poultry feeds used in Imo State, South Eastern Nigeria was studied between January and July, 2015. A total of 13 different feeds comprising 3 fish feeds and 10 poultry feeds were collected from different marketers Imo State and examined bacteriologically by culture technique. Seven genera of bacteria: Staphylococcus species, Bacillus species, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria species, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella species, as well as 2 genera of fungi: Aspergillus species and Penicillinum species were isolated from the feeds. Statistical analysis of the data showed significant difference (p < 0.05) in the bacteriological and mycological quality between local and industrial processed feeds. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the bacteriological and mycological quality between fish and poultry feeds. Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that Ciprofloxacin exhibited the highest antibacterial effects (grow inhibition) on most of the bacterial isolates than other antibiotics used. This study has revealed that fish and poultry feeds are potential sources of microbial infections for fish and poultry as well as human handlers and consumers of fish and poultry products in Imo State. The Government and public health operators in the State should educate the population on protective measures and also carry out routine supervision and regulation of production and use of these products.

Highlights

Poultry is the fastest growing source of meat in Nigeria
The study showed that 7 genera of bacteria: Staphylococcus species, Bacillus species, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria species, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella species and 2 genera of fungi: Penicillinium species and Aspergillus species, were involved in contamination of fish and poultry feeds sold and used by farmers in Imo State
The total heterotrophic Bacterial (THB) and Fungal (THF) counts of fish and poultry feeds used in this study are summarized in tables 2 and 3 respectively

Summary

Introduction

Poultry is the fastest growing source of meat in Nigeria. It contributes over 1⁄4 of all the meat produced and consumed in the country. The concentration of cholesterol in red meat is high, for this reason, nutritionists and health workers encourage adults to eat more of fish and poultry meat than red meat. This has contributed immensely to increased utilization of poultry and fish as well as interest in poultry and fish farming. Poultry provides eggs and meat for human consumption It includes all domesticated birds used for these purpose but in Nigeria the word most commonly refers to chickens. Different brands of poultry and fish feeds exist in Nigeria for different functions. These include Growers, Finishers, Layers starter among others. Micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi growing on livestock feed affect their quality

Methods

Results

Conclusion