Abstract
This research aimed to verify the health conditions of seawater and beach sand in the beaches of Matinhos, Caiobá and Guaratuba in Paraná, summer 2004/2005. Total Coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli (EC) and Enterococci (ENT) parameters were evaluated. TC, EC, ENT densities were determined by the Multiple Tube Method and estimated by the most probable number (MPN) using, in that order, chromogenic substrate (X-GAL), fluorogenic substrate MUG, and chromogenic substrate (X-GLU). Only the beaches of Matinhos (sampling point MS5) and Guaratuba (sampling point GA6) have shown bathing water quality. Dry sand presented higher contamination than wet sand, 69.4% and 54.2% respectively. Among the indicators, Enterococci was the most restrictive where 51.4% of the water and 100% of the sand (wet and dry) samples were disqualifieda.
Highlights
Sea water that receives sewage can contaminate the beach sand by introducing bacteria, virus, and parasites (Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental – CETESB, 2004).Bathing water quality control of freshwater and seawater aim mainly to its microbiological quality
Bacteria survival in the sand is affected by numerous elements such as organic matter, humidity, temperature, sunlight, and water retention ability, among others (Wheeler Alm, Burke, & Spain, 2003) highlight that organic matter is important to water retention, aggregate formation and stability, and to create microhabitats
Microbiological analysis of water On the beach of Matinhos, for Total Coliforms (TC) parameter, points MS1 and MS9 showed indices higher than the standards established by CONAMA regulation n. 20/86 (5.000 número mais provável (NMP)/100 mL) (CONAMA, 1986), Figure 1
Summary
Sea water that receives sewage can contaminate the beach sand by introducing bacteria, virus, and parasites (Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental – CETESB, 2004).Bathing water quality control of freshwater and seawater aim mainly to its microbiological quality. 274/00 (CONAMA, 2000) establishes and determines Faecal Coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Enterococci as main microbiological indicators of bathing water quality. Bacteria survival in the sand is affected by numerous elements such as organic matter, humidity, temperature, sunlight, and water retention ability, among others (Wheeler Alm, Burke, & Spain, 2003) highlight that organic matter is important to water retention, aggregate formation and stability, and to create microhabitats. These are important factors to microorganisms survival
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