Abstract
The microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of soil contaminated with lairage effluent were investigated. A total of twenty samples were analyzed for total heterotrophic bacterial count, fungal count, Vibrio cholerae count, Salmonella-Shigella count, Escherichia coli count and coliform count. The media used were nutrient agar, potato dextrose agar, eosin methylene blue agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar, MacConkey agar, thiosulphate citrate bile-salt sucrose agar. The pour plate technique was used for the inoculation of samples. The mean total heterotrophic bacterial count for the contaminated soil ranged from 5.65 ± 0.17Log10cfu/g to 5.94 ± 0.29Log10cfu/g while the control soil was 6.85 ± 0.03Log10cfu/mL. The mean fungal count ranged from 3.04 ± 0.19Log10cfu/g to 3.64 ± 0.41Log10cfu/g for the contaminated soil and 3.38 ± 0.20Log10cfu/mL for control soil. Salmonella-Shigella mean count ranged from 2.30 ± 0.09Log10cfu/g to 2.48 ± 0.07Log10cfu/g for the contaminated soil and 2.48 ± 0.09Log10cfu/g for the control soil. Vibrio cholerae mean count for contaminated soil ranged from 2.60 ± 0.35Log10cfu/g to 3.30 ± 0.03cfu/g while the control soil was 2.30 ± 0.10Log10cfu/g. Escherichia coli mean count for contaminated soil ranged from 3.00 ± 0.22Log10cfu/g to 3.38 ± 0.15Log10cfu/g and 3.38 ± 0.05Log10cfu/g for the control soil. The coliform mean count for contaminated soil ranged from 4.53 ± 0.11Log10cfu/g to 4.66 ± 0.10Log10cfu/g and 4.40 ± 0.024Log10cfu/mL for the control soil. The mean microbial counts for the lairage effluent ranged as follows total heterotrophic bacterial count, 6.39 ± 0.10Log10cfu/mL; fungal count, 3.28 ± 0.03Log10cfu/mL; Salmonella-Shigella count, 2.60 ± 0.08Log10cfu/mL; Vibrio cholerae count, 3.23 ± 0.20Log10cfu/mL; Escherichia coli count, 3.30 ± 0.01Log10cfu/mL and coliform count, 4.74 ± 0.09Log10cfu/mL. The mean values of the physicochemical parameters for the contaminated soil were temperature, 29 ± 1.0C; pH, 5.8 ± 0.5; conductivity, 55.7 ± 3.0μS/cm, oil and grease, 2.0 ± 0.2mg/kg; total organic carbon, 1.66 ± 0.1%; phosphate, 1.95 ± 0.2mg/kg; nitrate, 0.66 ± 0.01mg/kg; sulphate, 22.5 ± 3.0mg/kg; calcium, 303 ± 20.0mg/Kg; magnesium, 92 ± 3.0mg/kg, potassium, 5.0 ± 0.5mg/kg, sodium, 0.72 ± 0.02mg/Kg. The mean values for the control soil sample were temperature, 28 ± 0.5C; pH, 6.7 ± 0.5; conductivity, 45.8 ± 2.0μS/cm; oil and grease, 1.0 ± 0.01mg/kg; total organic carbon, 0.88 ± 0.02%; phosphate, 0.57 ± 0.03mg/kg; nitrate, 0.30 ± 0.01mg/kg; sulphate, 12.74 ± 1.0mg/kg; calcium, 148 ± 10.0mg/kg; magnesium, 81± 2.0mg/kg; potassium, 2.0 ± 0.1mg/kg; sodium, ± 0.02mg/Kg. The mean values for the lairage effluent were temperature, 30 ± 2.0C; pH, 7.8 ± 1.0; conductivity, 40.8 ± 4.0μS/cm; turbidity, 72.0 ± 4.0NTU; chloride, 8.0 ± 0.5mg/L; dissolved oxygen, 1.2 ± 0.3mg/L; biochemical oxygen demand, 36.0 ± 5.0mg/L; chemical oxygen demand, 82.0 ± 10.0mg/L; total suspended solids, 63.0 ± 8.0mg/L; total dissolved solids, 24.0 ± 2.0mg/L; nitrate, 0.85 ± 0.03 mg/L; sulphate, 1.0 ± 0.05mg/L; phosphate, 2.2 ± 0.5mg/L and ammonia, 0.83 0.02mg/L. The lairage effluent from this result is responsible for the contamination of the soil.
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