Microbiological and mycotoxin risk assessment in ruminant feeding in Sulaimani governorate

Abstract

Background: Feed contamination and poisoning by microbial and fungal genera poseobvious health threat to animals.Method: Vesa, ZAB, MIK, Deern, Zano and Zizar typesof ruminant feed used in Sulaimani Governorate were analyzed for their bacterial andfungal quality. Identification of fungal isolates with determination of aflatoxin,ochratoxin and T-2 toxin for all trademarks and local feed and the prime target of thisresearch would be background foreshadow for some danger of ruminant feedstuff inSulaimani governorate and taking these aspects in consideration to assessmicrobiological quality and mycotoxins in ruminant feed.Result: The genera of bacteriaand fungi isolated and their occurrence were Salmonella sp., total plate count and totalfungal count. Based on standard method identification of fungal species in brandsruminant feed and local ruminant feed, the all commonly isolated genera wereAspergillus spp., Penicillium spp and Fusarium spp. Finally, detected concentration ofeach aflatoxin, ochratoxin and T-2 toxin in brands ruminant feed and local ruminantfeed. Most types of ruminant feed under study were lower than the maximal standardlimits of aflatoxin while all types of brands ruminant feed and local ruminant feed understudy were lower than the maximal tolerance limits of ochratoxin and T-2 toxin.