Abstract
The article is devoted to a review of the topical problem of our time “Microbiocenosis of open cavities of the body and its role in the occurrence of many diseases of the human body ”. It has now been proven that the normal microflora of the human body plays a huge role in the normal course of life processes. The slightest violation of the composition of microorganisms leads to various irreversible defects in the normal course of human life, which are associated with the functions of the microbiocenosis and which no medicine can replace. The concept of microbiocenosis appeared in the 70s of the last century, although the first stone in this direction was put by Louis Pasteur, who proved the role of a microorganism in the process of fermentation and digestion. Many scientists contributed to the leap forward development of this science, which was forced due to errors in the use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs. Yes, indeed, the path of development of the science of biocenoses is closely related to the misuse of drugs, which often leads to dysbiosis. In addition, environmental pollution due to the uncontrollable development of urbanization plays a huge role in the development of dysbiotic processes.Therefore, with the aim of acquainting readers with the concept of biocenoses, certain pathways of pathogenetic links in the development of various diseases in violation of the composition of the normal microflora of the human body, we set ourselves the task of conducting a partial review of the achievement of the science of biocenoses of open cavities of the body.
Highlights
Man and the environment is a single ecological system in a state of biological balance between macro - and microorganisms
The normal microflora of a person is the basis of his microecology and has a direct impact on the vital activity and state of the macroorganism, this determines the relationship between man and the environment; it is a single ecological system that is in a state of biological balance between macro- and microorganisms
Normal microflora is a set of associations of microorganisms typical for a particular biological type, the natural activity of which occurs in those organs and tissues of the macroorganism that communicate with the external environment
Summary
Man and the environment is a single ecological system in a state of biological balance between macro - and microorganisms. The barrier function of these areas is determined by the state of CR, which means the ability of microflora and a macroorganism in cooperation to protect the ecosystem of mucous membranes from pathogenic microorganisms. Normal microflora helps to maintain the necessary barrier level of mucous membranes, skin and forms the first line of defense against infections, and performs a number of other important functions in the body. Microorganisms in certain situations form biofilms which are associated with the communicative manifestation of the "quorum sense" (QS) of microorganisms in communities characterized by a high population density and high physiological activity of its constituent individuals This feature is of great biological importance for the survival of the microorganism in an unfavorable environment.Microbial PD are communities formed by related and unrelated microorganisms, whose cells have specialization and contact with each other (including contacts in the form of adhesion). When assessing mucosal microbiocenoses, it is necessary to take into account the number and species composition of both microorganisms that are freely located in the lumen and adhered to epithelial surfaces (parietal region) [20]
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