Microbial Synthesized Ag/AgCl Nanoparticles Using Staphylococcus pasteuri sp. nov., ZAR1: Antimutagenicity, Antimicrobial Agent

Abstract

This study investigated the microbial synthesis of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles, their mutagenicity, antimutagenicity and antibacterial effects. For this purpose, bacteria isolates were taken from soil samples of Zarshouran gold mine. One silver resistant bacterial strain was selected for the production of silver nanoparticles. Results of the phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain ZAR1 was 99% similar to Staphylococcus pasteuri. The synthesis of the nanoparticles was confirmed using UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, DLS, and SEM-EDX. The analysis of the nanoparticles synthesized with extracellular extract of bacteria showed that the nanoparticles were spherical with a size of approximately 20–85 nm. Also, the ability of TSB media for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles was evaluated. The formation of Ag/AgCl nanoparticle composites was detected cubic form in the range of 20–50 nm. Antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was determined against sixty-six pathogenic bacteria. Our results indicated that the nanoparticles had high antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the nanoparticles stabilized using sodium alginate showed high antimicrobial effects. Ames test revealed that Ag NPs did not display a mutagenic effect. Moreover, the results showed that the nanoparticles were antimutagenic. The percent inhibition of mutagenicity was approximate 97–99%.