Abstract
Objective: Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Streptomyces sp. PG12 and their characterization, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity against A549 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Methods: The silver nanoparticles were subjected to UV-Vis. spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), zeta potential, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) analyses. Further, the antimicrobial potential was determined by using the agar well diffusion method and cytotoxicity was determined with the help of cell viability (MTT) assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. Results: The initial indication of silver nanoparticles synthesis was noticed by the colour change in the reaction mixture and the absorption maximum at 421 nm in UV-Vis. analysis; whereas, the FTIR analysis displayed the biological functional groups responsible for the capping and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. SEM and TEM micrographs revealed the surface morphology, spherical shape, and smallest particle size as 18.91 nm. The EDS and XRD patterns confirmed the involvement of various elements during the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the crystalline, face-centered cubic nature, respectively. The silver nanoparticles displayed considerable antimicrobial activity against human pathogens even at low MIC and MBC concentrations and exhibited increased anticancer activity against A549 and MCF-7 cell lines, where the ability of silver nanoparticles to significantly restrict the growth of tumour cells was observed at IC50 values of 69.04µg/ml and 138.30µg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Streptomyces sp. PG12 synthesized silver nanoparticles show significant anticancer activity against A549 and MCF-7 cell lines.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is the concept that deals with the production, manipulation, characterization, and applications of nano-scale materials whose size usually ranges between 1 to 100 nm
The initial indication of AgNPs synthesis was noticed by the change in colour of the reaction mixture; the supernatant was orange-brown before adding 1 mmol AgNO3 solution, the colour turned dark brown after adding AgNO3 and incubation in the dark
The functional groups that helped in the synthesis of AgNPs were identified by observing a shift in absorption spectra. These results suggest the critical role of biological molecules in the AgNPs synthesis along with stabilization by having the ability to link to metal
Summary
Nanotechnology is the concept that deals with the production, manipulation, characterization, and applications of nano-scale materials whose size usually ranges between 1 to 100 nm. Nanomaterials prepared from metals offer unique properties of size, shape, and larger surface area to volume ratio [1]. These metal nanoparticles prepared using gold, silver, platinum, copper, zinc, lead, iron, and many more are extensively used for various applications in divergent fields such as nanomedicine, electrical, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food industry, textiles, and data storage [2, 3]. The recent advancements in nano-science have pointed out the significance of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the areas of biomedical, DNA sequencing, biological sensors, plasmonics, catalysis, energy generation, and clean water technology [4, 5]. AgNPs are produced by one of two paths, i.e., ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’ strategies via physical or chemical or biological synthesis routes. Due to its low cost, non-toxicity, and eco-friendly nature, the biological synthesis method is essential [6, 7]
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