Abstract
A novel microbial approach to the production of enantiomerically enriched and pure aroma compounds based on kinetic resolution via solid-state fermentation is proposed. Twenty-five filamentous fungi were screened for lipase activity and enantioselective hydrolysis of a volatile racemic ester (1-phenylethyl acetate (1)) and several racemic lactones (trans and cis whisky lactones (4, 5), γ-decalactone (7), δ-decalactone (8), (cis-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone) (9)). Solid-state fermentation was conducted with linseed and rapeseed cakes. Kinetic resolution afforded enantiomerically enriched products with high enantiomeric excesses (ee = 82–99%). The results highlight the potential economic value of solid-state fermentation using agroindustrial side-stream feedstocks as an alternative to more expensive processes conducted in submerged fermentation.
Highlights
The food industry generates large quantities of wastes and by-products, and research interest in efficient use of agroindustrial residues has been increasing [1]
The stereoselectivity of hydrolysis catalyzed by enzymes produced by filamentous fungi in solid-state fermentation (SSF) was tested with various aroma compounds: 1-phenylethyl acetate (1), a mixture of trans and cis whisky lactones (4, 5), γ-decalactone (7), δ-decalactone (8), and cis-3a,4,7,7atetrahydro-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone (9) (Scheme 1)
SSF was conducted on oilseed cakes from linseeds and rapeseeds, which are by-products of the oleoindustry that contain all essential ingredients for fungal growth, especially the fatty acids that are required for lipase biosynthesis
Summary
The food industry generates large quantities of wastes and by-products, and research interest in efficient use of agroindustrial residues has been increasing [1]. Several bioprocesses that use these residues as substrates have been developed, including production of enzymes, single cell proteins, ethanol, organic acids, biopolymers, and secondary metabolites [2]. Constitutes a microbial culture method alternative to submerged fermentation (SmF). Because growth media account for approximately 40% of the total cost of bioprocessing, it is reasonable to use inexpensive raw materials such, as agricultural by-products [4]. Oilseed cakes are solid residues that are obtained after pressing of oil seeds. They can constitute up to 75% of total seed weight. Oilseed cakes are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, fat, and cellulose, and provide excellent media for growth of microorganisms [5]. The world market for oilseed cakes is dominated by soybean, rapeseed, cottonseed, groundnut, sunflower, and linseed cakes
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