Abstract
This conceptual analysis elucidates the microbial interaction inside municipal distribution pipes, subsequent deterioration in the quality of the supply water, and its impacts on public health. Literature review involved a total of 21 original reports on microbiological events inside the water distribution system were studied, summarizing the current knowledge about the build-up of microbes in treated municipal water at various points of the distribution system. Next, original reports from the microbiological analysis of supply water from Bangladesh were collected to enlist the types of bacteria found growing actively. A schematic diagram of microbial interaction among the genera was constructed with respect to the physical, chemical, and microbiological quality of the supply water. Finally latest guidelines and expert opinions from public health authorities around the world are reviewed to keep up with using cutting-edge molecular technology to ensure safe and good quality drinking water for municipal supply.
Highlights
Industrial revolution, urbanization, rapid increase in urban population, and increasing demand for expansion of public health infrastructures, increase in the demand for supply of drinking water from the municipality has led to complete change of the quality of lives in urban and sub-urban areas [1]
The quality and safety of the water at the receiving ends depend on the quality of the source from which it is acquired, the nature of treatment given in the municipal water treatment plant, the amount of residual disinfectant remaining in the water and the environments in the distribution network [3]
Intrinsic factors include the length and duration of the treatment given to the source water, material, and length of the distribution pipes, total carbon, Biofilm Inside Bangladesh Water Distribution iron, lead, phosphate, and sulfate contents of the water, physical parameters of the water, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), loose deposit accumulation inside the pipes, and the overhead tanks and microbes remaining in the supply water [4]
Summary
Industrial revolution, urbanization, rapid increase in urban population, and increasing demand for expansion of public health infrastructures, increase in the demand for supply of drinking water from the municipality has led to complete change of the quality of lives in urban and sub-urban areas [1]. The WHO puts emphasis on chemical residues and microbial interaction in drinking water [9] Risks associated with biofilm formation are enrichment of pathogens in the water, production of toxins, deterioration of the pipe material, release of antibiotic resistance genes, and supporting high-risk parasites such as Cryptosporidium and Naegleria fowlerii feeding off the biofilm [10] This conceptual analysis attempts to predict the microbial interactions inside the water distribution pipelines, especially development of a biofilm consortium inside the pipes in Bangladesh so that an emerging risk to public health can be dealt with
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