Abstract
A new bioelectrochemical approach based on metabolic activities inoculated bacteria, and the microbial fuel cell (MFC) acts as biocatalysts for the natural conversion to energy of organic substrates. Among several factors, the organic substrate is the most critical challenge in MFC, which requires long-term stability. The utilization of unstable organic substrate directly affects the MFC performance, such as low energy generation. Similarly, the interaction and effect of the electrode with organic substrate are well discussed. The electrode-bacterial interaction is also another aspect after organic substrate in order to ensure the MFC performance. The conclusion is based on this literature view; the electrode content is also a significant challenge for MFCs with organic substrates in realistic applications. The current review discusses several commercial aspects of MFCs and their potential prospects. A durable organic substrate with an efficient electron transfer medium (anode electrode) is the modern necessity for this approach.
Highlights
Over the past few years, there has been an increase in energy demand
In the chamber of the anode, protons will be produced, and these protons will transfer to the cathode by proton exchange membrane; as a result, the circuit is completed. e generated electron will transfer onto oxygen after moving towards the cathode chamber. e resulting oxygen is radical oxygen and its positive ions will be synthesized at anode producing water that will spread along the permeable membrane of ion at the cathode with the help of catalyst as follows [99]: H2 ⟶ 2H+ + 2e, (1)
It is clear that the production of current in an Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a difficult process that needs more than a few gene modifications or rates of bacterial respiration to have an impact on the current rate of generation
Summary
Over the past few years, there has been an increase in energy demand Nonrenewable energy sources, such as fossil fuels and nuclear power, are widely used in the world [1]. Both electrons and protons form a reaction in the cathodic chamber with simultaneous reduction of oxygen to form water It is the biocatalyst existing in the anode chamber that facilitates the oxidation sources of substrate for the production of protons and electrons. E lower stability of the organic substrate may have had an impact on remediation efficiency and energy generation because the organic substrate did not provide enough power to the bacterial population, resulting in poor MFC output. According to the literature survey, there is no similar information available on the interaction of electrode-bacteria and electrode effect in the presence of different organic substrates in MFC. In the present review article, different organic substrates are extensively studied with bacterial interaction. e effects of different previous electrodes and electrode-bacteria interactions are summarized in the present study
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