Abstract
The extensive and random application of major organic pollutants, mainly pesticides, threatens ecosystems and human health. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify microorganisms from some water resources contaminated with pesticides. We investigated the ability of the identified microbes to grow in water spiked with dimethoate and methomyl. We also evaluated the potential effect of the identified microbial isolates on dimethoate and methomyl biodegradation in water. In addition, the total detoxification of dimethoate and methomyl residues in water after treatment with the most effective microbial isolates was confirmed using toxicity tests and analyzing biochemical parameters and histopathological changes in the kidney and liver of treated rats. The microbial isolates were identified as Xanthomonas campestris pv. Translucens and Aspergillus fumigates. Results showed that X. campestris pv. Translucens and A. fumigatus grow in media supplemented with dimethoate and methomyl faster than in other media without both pesticides. About 97.8% and 91.2% of dimethoate and 95% and 87.8% of methomyl (initial concentration of both 5 mg L−1) were biodegraded within 32 days of incubation with X. campestris pv. Translucens and A. fumigatus, respectively. There was no remaining toxicity in rats treated with dimethoate- and methomyl-contaminated water with respect to biochemical parameters and histopathological changes. Collectively, the identified bacterial isolate showed high potential for the complete degradation of dimethoate and methomyl residues in water.
Highlights
Climate change requires that urgent attention be given to water conservation worldwide and the development of affordable technologies for wastewater depuration
Among other pollutants frequently detected in water, pesticides are organic compounds with diverse properties, activities, and applications, which contribute to their widespread presence in the environment, threatening ecosystems and human health [3]
The fungal isolate was identified as A. fumigatus (A1) following the protocols described elsewhere [28,29,30,31], while the bacterial isolate was identified as X. campestris pv
Summary
Climate change requires that urgent attention be given to water conservation worldwide and the development of affordable technologies for wastewater depuration. The European Union has established more stringent requirements concerning surface water and groundwater pollution [1,2]. Among other pollutants frequently detected in water, pesticides are organic compounds with diverse properties, activities, and applications, which contribute to their widespread presence in the environment, threatening ecosystems and human health [3]. Pesticide wastewater must be disposed of properly to prevent the deterioration of water quality [4]. Several drawbacks are associated with the most current methods used for pesticide removal from water that include high costs, containment problems, and ineffectiveness. On the other hand, biobed bioremediation systems were adopted as successful and viable options for on-farm use besides their advantages in the treatment of polluted complex agricultural and industrial wastewater [5,6,7]
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