Microbial degradation of food dye by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

The effects of contaminants to human health and environment are at an alarming rate. This is due to the pollutant in wastewater that is polluted with the effluents coming from industries, especially food industry. Food industries use various types of dyes such as azo dyes. The compositions of dyes and pigments used in food industries generate hazardous and toxic waste because of their carcinogen and mutagenic quality. Today, the most worried phenomenon is when the amount of azo dye concentrations exists in wastewater varied from lower to higher concentrations that causes toxicity to biological ecosystem. Physical and chemical treatment techniques have some disadvantages such as costly, time consuming and development of residues. Adsorption on the microbial biomass and bioremediation by microbes can take place the decolourisation of the azo dye. Bioremediation occurs by anaerobic and aerobic process. This research project deals with the degradation and decolourisation of Tartrazine dye by bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in aerobic conditions. The maximum degradation of 72.65 % was observed under aerobic condition within 5 hours at pH 9.12 and temperature of 28.5°C. The degraded metabolites of Tartrazine dye were analysed by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The effectiveness of degradation and decolourisation of Tartrazine dye by bacteria is within 5 hours in 50 ppm. This study proved that, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has an ability to remove several dyes from various industries and this biological treatment can be one of the most potential treatment of dye generated from food industries. Thus, it contributes to the development of wastewater treatment methods in the food industries.